Comparative TCO Analysis of Battery Electric and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Buses for Public Transport System in Small to Midsize Cities

This paper shows the results of an in-depth techno-economic analysis public transport sector in a small to midsize city and its surrounding area. Public battery-electric hydrogen fuel cell buses are comparatively evaluated by means total cost ownership (TCO) model building on historical data projection market prices. Additionally, structural system specific is performed, assessing best fitting bus lines for use electric or busses, which supported brief acceptance evaluation local citizens. The TCO show strong decrease until year 2030, reaching 23.5% lower TCOs compared conventional diesel bus. optimal charging will be opportunity (pantograph) infrastructure. However, method applicable under assumption that several share same station there “hotspot” where as many possible converge. In case 2020, parameter influenced most was battery cost, opposite 2030 body parameters ones dominate TCO, due learning rate batteries. For H2 buses, finding hotspot not crucial because they have similar range well refueling time. still 15.4% higher than system. Considering benefits hypothetical scaling-up effect infrastructures region, could drop 5 €/kg. this case, overall solution would slightly 2030. Therefore, can competitive cities, even with limited routes. make up large part TCO. Reducing important aspect reduce